![]() ![]() Rasetsu was also known in Edo period Japan. Rasetsu was done voluntarily by some Japanese Buddhist priests to ensure celibacy. It was called rasetsu 羅切 (らせつ), and was separate from castration which was called kyūkei 宮刑 (きゅうけい). The removal of the penis was used as a punishment for men in the Heian period in Japan, where it replaced execution. Husbands who committed adultery were punished with castration as required under this law. The punishment was called gōngxíng (宫刑), which meant "palace punishment", since castrated men would be enslaved to work in the harem of the palace. "Castration", in China, meant the severing of the penis in addition to the testicles, after which male offenders were sentenced to work in the palace as eunuchs. " They were designed to permanently disfigure for life. The punishment stated, "If a male and female engage in intercourse without morality, their punishments shall be castration and sequestration. The exact crime was called gong, and referred to "immoral" sex between males and females. This was one of the Five Punishments that could be legally inflicted on criminals in China. In ancient China, for crimes including adultery, "licentious" and "promiscuous" activity, males had their penises removed in addition to being castrated. History of involuntary penis removal China Voluntary subincision, removal of the glans penis, and bifurcation of the penis are related topics. ![]() Professional opinion is divided regarding the desire for penile amputation as a pathology, much as all other forms of treatment by amputation for body dysmorphic disorder. Some men have undergone penectomies as a voluntary body modification, thus including it as part of a body dysmorphic disorder. Issues related to the removal of the penis appear in psychology, for example in the condition known as castration anxiety. When procedures such as this are not possible, other procedures such as colovaginoplasty are used which do involve the removal of the penis. Genital surgical procedures for transgender women undergoing sex reassignment surgery do not usually involve the complete removal of the penis part or all of the glans is usually kept and reshaped as a clitoris, and the skin of the penile shaft may also be inverted to form the vagina. A man who has his penis removed may have one or more problems with his personality, urination, sex life, and vulnerable testicles he may also experience a phantom penis (see phantom limb). In some instances, botched childhood circumcisions have also resulted in full or partial penectomies. Cancer, for example, sometimes necessitates removal of all or part of the penis. Some men have penile amputations, known as penectomies, for medical reasons. Penis removal in medicine and psychology Castration is less rare, and is performed as a last resort in the treatment of androgen-sensitive prostate cancer. In the modern era, removing the human penis for any such activity is very rare (with some exceptions listed below), and references to removal of the penis are almost always symbolic. These procedures were performed in an effort to eliminate lust and to restore the Christian to a pristine state that existed prior to original sin. In Russia, men of a devout group of Spiritual Christians known as the Skoptsy were castrated, either undergoing "greater castration", which entailed removal of the penis, or "lesser castration", in which the penis remained in place, while Skoptsy women underwent mastectomy. Castration has been used to create a class of servants or slaves called eunuchs in many different places and eras. The practice of castration (removal of the testicles) sometimes involved the removal of all or part of the penis, generally with a tube inserted to keep the urethra open for urination. Armies were sometimes known to sever the penises of their enemies to count the dead, as well as for trophies. In ancient civilizations, the removal of the human penis was sometimes used to demonstrate superiority or dominance over an enemy.
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